United States
Support for Mine Action
Support for Mine Action
As part of the United States (US) Conventional Weapons Destruction Program, the US contributed US$131.4 million to 37 countries and territories to mine action in 2011 through more than 40 organizations, UNDP, the NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA), the Organization of American States (OAS), and ITF Enhancing Human Security (formerly the International Trust Fund for Demining and Mine Victims Assistance; hereinafter, ITF).[1] This is the largest amount ever reported for the US as well as the largest number of recipients of US funding in one year.
Afghanistan and Iraq received the largest contributions, and together they constituted almost half (48%) of US funding in 2011. The percentage of US funding allocated to Afghanistan and Iraq thus increased by 4% in 2010 from 44% in 2009. Six recipients (Afghanistan, Angola, Cambodia, Colombia, Iraq and Lao PDR) each received at least $5 million.
The US was the largest donor for victim assistance in 2011. It contributed $12.1 million, which represented 38% of all international victim assistance funding, to 12 countries and the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT).[2] The Leahy War Victims Fund,[3] one of the five Special Programs to Address the Needs of Survivors (SPANS) within the Bureau for Democracy (a part of the Agency for International Development, USAID) which focuses on assistance to disabled civilian victims of conflict, allocated a total of more than $5.3 million; recipients were Armenia ($1 million) Colombia ($3.2 million), Ethiopia ($327,000), and the ICRC and Lebanon ($800,000).[4] Other victim assistance support went through the ITF in Slovenia and grants directly to NGOs.
The US also provides ongoing support to the Center for International Stabilization and Recovery (CISR), located at James Madison University in the state of Virginia, which supports training, research and the Journal of Mine Action publication.[5]
Since 2007, the US has contributed more than $530 million to mine action largely through the Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement in the US Department of State’s Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM/WRA) and the Leahy War Victims Fund at USAID.
Contributions by recipient: 2011[6]
Recipient |
Sector |
Amount |
Afghanistan |
Clearance, victim assistance |
40,475,000 |
Iraq |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
22,000,000 |
Angola |
Clearance |
8,350,000 |
Colombia |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
5,700,000 |
Cambodia |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
5,000,000 |
Lao PDR |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
5,000,000 |
Global |
Various |
4,460,000 |
Lebanon |
Clearance, victim assistance |
3,025,000 |
Vietnam |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
3,499,000 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Clearance |
3,185,000 |
Libya |
Clearance |
3,000,000 |
South Sudan |
Clearance |
2,800,000 |
Sri Lanka |
Clearance |
2,500,000 |
Mozambique |
Clearance |
2,175,000 |
Jordan |
Clearance |
2,014,568 |
Somalia |
Clearance |
1,300,000 |
Serbia |
Clearance |
1,275,000 |
Nagorno-Karabakh |
Clearance |
1,223,000 |
Peru |
Clearance |
1,200,000 |
Sudan |
Clearance |
1,100,000 |
Yemen |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
1,075,000 |
Albania |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
1,073,346 |
Croatia |
Clearance |
1,046,848 |
Somaliland |
Clearance |
1,025,000 |
DRC |
Clearance |
1,015,775 |
Armenia |
Victim assistance |
1,000,000 |
Tajikistan |
Clearance |
1,000,000 |
Guinea Bissau |
Clearance |
1,000,000 |
Georgia |
Clearance |
872,207 |
Ecuador |
Clearance |
500,000 |
Kosovo |
Clearance |
450,000 |
Solomon Islands |
Clearance |
400,000 |
Azerbaijan |
Clearance |
365,000 |
Ethiopia |
Victim assistance |
327,000 |
Occupied Palestinian Territory |
Clearance, victim assistance, risk education |
309,284 |
Abkhazia |
Clearance |
286,000 |
Estonia |
Risk education |
225,000 |
Myanmar/Burma |
Victim assistance, risk education |
189,106 |
Total |
|
131,441,134 |
Contributions by thematic sector in 2011 (US$)
Sector |
Amount |
Clearance |
118,281,692 |
Victim assistance |
12,159,341 |
Risk education |
1,000,101 |
Total |
131,441,134 |
Summary of contributions in 2007–2011 (US$)[7]
Year |
Amount |
2011 |
131,441,134 |
2010 |
129,579,834 |
2009 |
118,703,831 |
2008 |
85,000,000 |
2007 |
69,800,000 |
Total |
534,524,799 |
[1] US Department of State, “To Walk the Earth in Safety 2012,” Washington, DC, July 2012. The two territories were the disputed Nagorno Karabakh in the Caucasus area and the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
[2] Victim assistance is largely supported through national government and non-governmental programs as well as through private sources and various foreign assistance mechanisms. Traditional international mine action assistance constitutes a limited amount of the total funding for victim assistance.
[3] For more information see, The Leahy War Victims Fund.
[4] US Department of State, “To Walk the Earth in Safety 2012,” Washington, DC, July 2012.
[6] US Department of State, “To Walk the Earth in Safety 2012,” Washington, DC, July 2012; email from Michael Lundquist, Executive Director, POLUS Center, 7 September 2012; email from Andrew Moore, Caucasus and Balkans Desk Officer, 30 August 2012; ITF Enhancing Human Security (ITF), “Donors: Donations Overview: All, 2011;” email from Scotty Lee, Director, Spirit of Soccer, 7 September 2012; and email from Arben Braha, Director, Albania Mine Action Executive, 17 April 2012.
[7] ICBL-CMC, “Country Profile: United States: Support for Mine Action,” 29 July 2011.
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